Name

  • 住吉大神

  • Sumiyoshi Ōkami

Identity

Sumiyoshi Ōkami (住吉大神, すみよしおおかみ) refers to a set of Shintō deities known as the Sumiyoshi Sanjin (住吉三神, “the three gods of Sumiyoshi”). They are strongly associated with the sea, navigation, and the protection of maritime travel. In practice, “Sumiyoshi Ōkami” is often used as a collective name for these three kami worshiped together.

Mythological role

Their main role is as protectors of the seas and maritime routes: safe crossings, protection for sailors, and guarding against dangers from the ocean and storms. They are also linked to purification (harai, 祓い) and protection from misfortune, reflecting the idea that the sea is both life-giving and potentially dangerous, calling for divine safeguarding.

Famous myth

The Sumiyoshi Sanjin appear in narratives connected to the purification of Izanagi (伊邪那岐命, Izanagi no Mikoto) after his descent to the land of the dead (Yomi, 黄泉). In some traditions, they are born during that purification rite, which helps explain their protective and purifying character.
They are also closely associated with guiding and safeguarding expeditions, and appear in stories and historical traditions tied to navigation and voyages in western Japan.

Worship

Sumiyoshi Ōkami is worshiped at many Sumiyoshi shrines (住吉神社), with a major center at Sumiyoshi Taisha (住吉大社) in Ōsaka. Typical prayers include:

  • safety in travel (especially at sea, but also travel in general),

  • protection for fishermen, sailors, ports, and ships,

  • purification and protection from bad luck,

  • success in a “symbolic crossing” (starting a project, passing a milestone).

Symbolism

Sumiyoshi Ōkami symbolizes the sea as both a route and a trial: a space that connects, but can also threaten. Their purifying aspect adds a “clean/clear reset” meaning—starting again on good footing, traveling safely, and being protected from accidents and negative turns of events.
At Sumiyoshi shrines, the atmosphere often feels very practical and protective, focused on safety, journeys, and stability in the face of water’s forces.